1. Sudden change of mixer working condition

所谓工作状况突变，系指搅拌车的工作状况突然出现不正常现象，这是比较常见的故障症状。例如：搅拌车发动机突然熄火后再启动困难，甚不能启动;搅拌车发动机在行驶中动力突然降低，行驶无力;行驶中突然制动失灵或跑偏，甚失效等。这种故障的症状明显，故容易察觉。

The so-called sudden change of working condition refers to the abnormal working condition of the mixer, which is a common fault symptom. For example: it is difficult to start the mixer engine after it suddenly stops, or even can't start it; the power of the mixer engine suddenly decreases during driving, and the driving is weak; the brake fails or deviates suddenly during driving, or even fails. The symptom of this kind of fault is obvious, so it is easy to detect.

2、渗漏

2. Leakage

渗漏是指搅拌车发动机的燃油、润滑油(或齿轮油)、制动液(或压缩空气)以及动力转向系油液等的渗漏现象。这也是明显的故障症状，细心观察即可发现。例如压缩空气泄漏时，可以明显地听到漏气的声音。

Leakage refers to the leakage of fuel, lubricating oil (or gear oil), brake fluid (or compressed air) and power steering system oil of mixer engine. This is also an obvious fault symptom, which can be found by careful observation. For example, when compressed air leaks, the sound of air leakage can be clearly heard.

3、排气烟色不正常

3. Abnormal exhaust smoke color

搅拌车发动机在工作过程中，正常的燃烧生成物主要成分应当是二氧化碳和少量的水蒸汽。如果搅拌车发动机燃烧不正常，废气中会掺有未完全燃烧的炭微粒、碳氢化合物、一氧化碳和大量的水蒸汽。对于汽油机，正常尾气应无明显的烟雾。但润滑油上窜气缸时，尾气呈蓝色;燃烧不完全时，尾气呈黑色，油中掺水时，尾气呈白色。

In the working process of mixer engine, the main components of normal combustion products should be carbon dioxide and a small amount of water vapor. If the combustion of mixer engine is not normal, the exhaust gas will be mixed with incomplete combustion of carbon particles, hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and a lot of water vapor. For gasoline engine, there should be no obvious smoke in normal exhaust. However, when the lubricating oil moves up the cylinder, the tail gas is blue; when the combustion is incomplete, the tail gas is black; when the oil is mixed with water, the tail gas is white.

4、异常响声

4. Abnormal sound

搅拌车在行驶过程中出现的非正常声响，是搅拌车故障的“报警器”。在行驶中突然发出异响，作为驾驶人应意识到搅拌车出了问题，应立即停车检查，切不可让搅拌车“带病作业”。

The abnormal sound of mixer in the process of driving is the "alarm" of mixer fault. The driver should be aware that there is something wrong with the mixer. He should stop the mixer immediately for inspection. He must not let the mixer "work with diseases".

5、过热高温

5. Overheating and high temperature

通常出现在中科搅拌车发动机、变速器、驱动桥主减速器、差速器及制动器等总成上。以上现象有时可以通过仪表板警示灯直接反映出来，需要驾驶人驾车时注意观察，也可以用手测试外表温度。

It usually appears in the engine, transmission, drive axle, main reducer, differential and brake assembly of Zhongke mixer. Sometimes, the above phenomenon can be directly reflected by the warning light on the instrument panel, which requires the driver to pay attention to observe when driving, and the external temperature can also be measured by hand.

6、燃油和润滑消耗过量

6. Excessive fuel and lubrication consumption

燃油和润滑油消耗过量，表明搅拌车技术状况已恶化并已产生了故障。

The excessive consumption of fuel oil and lubricating oil indicates that the technical condition of the mixer has deteriorated and faults have occurred.